Here are two entries from Dick Johnson's Encyclopedia of Coin and Medal Terminology. I added an image of a previously-discussed medal with an obliterated name; in this case, the entire inscription has been almost completely effaced.
-Editor
Recipient.
The person who receives or is bestowed a medal for award or recognition. The bestowal is customarily at a ceremony and the medal may be accompanied with a certificate and sometimes a monetary award. Often the medal is inscribed with the recipient's name, date, and occasionally a brief citation and presented in a case. When the presentation is posthumous, the medal goes to the next of kin.
In sports the recipient is called a medallist; in fields of academic, scientific and medical achievement the recipient it called a laureate. In rare instances the recipient is embarrassed he was bestowed the honor and removes his name from the medal; this is termed an obliterated name (and is considered an act of vandalism to the medal).
Recognition.
A medallic award, often with the recipient's portrait or name, bestowed to him or her for performing some beneficence to mankind. A recognition award should not be confused with a prize award where many contestants vie for distinction of winning the prize medal. A recognition is an honor not a race or contest. Indian Peace Medals were, in effect, early recognition medals. In a few instances they were made in different sizes to reflect the different ranks of the Indian chief recipients. Recently such recognition awards have been called "lifetime awards" or "lifetime achievement awards." Some congressional medals with portraits of the honoree are also such recognition awards.
To read the complete entries on the Newman Numismatic Portal, see:
Recipient
(https://nnp.wustl.edu/library/dictionarydetail/516592)
Recognition
(https://nnp.wustl.edu/library/dictionarydetail/516593)
To read the earlier E-Sylum article, see:
1913 GOLD CARNEGIE HERO FUND MEDAL
(https://www.coinbooks.org/v27/esylum_v27n42a26.html)
SBG NOVEMBER 2024 NUMISMATIC AMERICANA : (1913) Carnegie Hero Fund Medal.
(https://www.coinbooks.org/v27/esylum_v27n44a23.html)
Wayne Homren, Editor
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