Here's his family's biography of James Allaire Millholland, also republished with permission from Stack's Bowers Galleries. Thank again. An amazing and full life, well lived.
-Editor
JAMES ALLAIRE MILLHOLLAND
1842 - 1911
Born to a heritage of railroad and marine innovation, James Allaire Millholland actively
participated in the industrial explosion of the
nineteenth century in western Maryland. His
career flourished in railroads, first in building
ever more efficient locomotives and then as a
railroad executive.
His father, James Millholland (1812-1875),
was one of the foremost railway master mechanics in the country. In 1829, as an apprentice to a prominent machinist in the B & O Railroad's shops
in Reading, Pennsylvania, he helped build (supposedly
of spare parts) the first light steam locomotive, the Tom
Thumb, to a design of Peter Cooper's. (In the competition between this little engine and a horse pulled car, a belt slipping from a pulley resulted in victory for the horse-powered car.) Millholland, Sr. went on to design innovative locomotives, reconfigure designs, and experiment with
ways to improve their propulsion.
James Allaire Millholland (JAM) continued in his father's
footsteps. Born in Reading in 1842, he received his early
education in local schools. At 17 he was apprenticed in the
shops of the Pennsylvania and Reading Railroad where he
did experimental work and gained practical experience,
including running freight and passenger engines. When
he was 24, his father relocated the family to the hills of
western Maryland. Mount Savage was uniquely located
among the ore-bearing strata of the Appalachians, as well
as serving as a gateway to the West. It teemed with industrial activity - coal, iron ore, and
clay mining; foundries; brick refractories; and machine shops
constructing locomotives. Fresh
from traveling to the Paris International Exposition in 1867
where he studied the vast number
of displays of European technological developments, JAM
set out to improve the machinery department of the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad.
Within a month he became a
master mechanic of that railroad
and then an officer of the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad, the Union Mining Company,
and the Consolidated Coal Company. After ten
years, he out-maneuvered hot competition
with other young railroad lines and acquired
the upstart George's Creek and Cumberland Railroad, born of two mining companies.
Becoming director and president of GC&C
RR, he expanded it to extend through the Cumberland Narrows; it ran a variety of rolling stock,
from coal hoppers to passenger cars, including an
open-sided observation car. As interconnecting routes
made it easy to connect from Cumberland to Philadelphia
and New York, JAM traveled regularly to both cities where
he maintained offices.
JAM and his first wife, Virginia Randolph Keim Millholland (1846-1896), a descendant of the Randolphs of
Virginia, had 12 children, several of whom became mechanical and civil engineers. Their substantial house on
Washington Street in Cumberland is still standing. His first
wife died at 49, and two years later in New York, he married
Harriett Woodward Blunt, known as Woodie to family
and friends, a woman 24 years his junior from an old Montgomery County (Maryland) family. Together they had four
children. The social columns of area newspapers tell of the
family's parties and open houses, excursions, and visits to
relatives, as well as their travels to a large rambling summer
house, Glenora, on 120 acres of rolling fields, orchards,
barns and stables on Valley Road two miles outside Cumberland. The dinner table there
had 12 leaves and accommodated well over a dozen people.
Guest book entries of extended
stays from relatives and friends
suggest a welcoming household
of warmth and conviviality.
James A. Millholland and his wife in their 1905 Stanley
Model G Light two passenger runabout – one of 11 built!
JAM wrote letters to Woodie
when he was on his frequent
business trips. Entertainingly worded and affectionately
thoughtful, they describe city
events, his experiences, even
purchases — a vase for the
yellow guest room. Well-made, often beautiful, objects fascinated him - good machine tools (for which his shops were
noted), the mechanism of a shotgun newly delivered from
England, cameras, automobiles, and numerous gadgets. He
admired the craftsmanship and beauty of Asian artifacts,
intricately carved ivory figures, balls one inside another,
and Chinese porcelains. Intriguing and unusual objects
were kept in a heavy, carved black four-sided, glass-doored
cabinet of curiosities. As a woodworker, he made the coin
cabinet with 20 trays divided into compartments for each
coin, a drop leaf corner table, and a large, heavy tool chest
elaborately fitted with a series of sliding shelves. His library
reflects his inquiring mind, innate curiosity, and wide enthusiasms - natural history, agriculture, gardening, animal
husbandry. In it could be found Shakespeare, The Decameron, Pepys' Diary, Emerson essays, humor, contemporary
fiction, and history plus a collection of Lincolniana. The
book plate in each volume records the exact date of its acquisition and often on the last page the date he completed
reading it. Meticulous notebooks and numerous lists show
the organization and the specificity of his thinking.
When James Allaire Millholland died, though retired
for four years, he was still an active director of the First
National Bank of Cumberland which honored his more
than 25 years of service, a vice president and treasurer of
Accurate Machinery Company of Cumberland, president of the Chinese Trading Company of Philadelphia,
and trustee of a hospital and a school. These associations
speak to his energetic capacities and mental resources.
His obituary praises his innate refinement…[and] highly
cultured and polished mind. His associates remembered
his lively and well-informed conversation, his indefati.gable energy, wise judgment in business, and his genial
vivacity in speech and manner.
Coda: Four years before JAM died he sold his railroad
to the Western Maryland Railway Company which was
soon purchased by a son of Jay Gould, known as one of the
robber barons. The lives of these two Millhollands, father
and son, roughly bracket the nineteenth century and trace
an important era in American railroad history and its role
in the industrial revolution: from an early locomotive on
eight miles of track to eventual absorption of smaller local
lines into larger and larger systems; regional amalgamated
into nationwide; independently owned and operated burgeoning —sometimes by hook and by crook — into large
complex corporately-managed entities.
To view or bid on the Millholland coins, see:
Spring 2023 Auction - Session 3 - Rarities Night featuring the James Allaire Millholland Collection - Lots 3001-3313
(https://auctions.stacksbowers.com/auctions/3-118LV5/spring-2023-auction-session-3-rarities-night-featuring-the-james-allaire-millholland-collection-lots-3001-3313)
Spring 2023 Auction - Session 4 - The James Allaire Millholland Collection - Lots 4001-4229
(https://auctions.stacksbowers.com/auctions/3-118PCY/spring-2023-auction-session-4-the-james-allaire-millholland-collection-lots-4001-4229)
Spring 2023 Auction - Session 11 - Internet Only - The James Allaire Millholland Collection - Lots 9329-9581
(https://auctions.stacksbowers.com/auctions/3-11BRNZ/spring-2023-auction-session-11-internet-only-the-james-allaire-millholland-collection-lots-9329-9581)
Wayne Homren, Editor
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